新冠病毒的外媒相關(guān)報(bào)道

點(diǎn)擊數(shù)：11272020-05-06 11:11:44　來源: 淄博巴布羅翻譯有限公司

外媒相關(guān)報(bào)道

1. 什么是冠狀病毒？

What is a coronavirus?

Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that are common among animals.

In rare cases, they are what scientists call zoonotic, meaning they can be transmitted (傳播，動詞) from animals to humans, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

• 冠狀病毒是一大類常見于動物的病毒的總稱。
• 據(jù)美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心稱，在極少數(shù)情況下，科學(xué)家稱之為“人畜共患疾病”，這意味著它們可以從動物傳染給人類。

2. 冠狀病毒癥狀

Coronavirus symptoms

The viruses can make people sick, usually with a mild to moderate upper respiratory tract(上呼吸道) illness, similar to a common cold.

For those with a weakened immune system, the elderly and the very young, there's a chance the virus could cause a lower, and much more serious, respiratory tract illness like a pneumonia(肺炎) or bronchitis(支氣管炎).

There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be deadly (致命的), such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome).

The Wuhan coronavirus is currently thought to be more mild than SARS and MERS and takes longer to develop symptoms. Patients to date have typically experienced a mild cough for a week followed by shortness of breath(呼吸急促). So far, around 15% to 20% of cases have become severe, requiring, for example, ventilation in the hospital.

• 通常表現(xiàn)為輕中度上呼吸道疾病，癥狀類似于普通感冒。對于免疫力較弱的老年人和兒童，病毒有可能導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的下部呼吸道疾病，如肺炎或支氣管炎。

• 有些冠狀病毒是致命的，如中東呼吸綜合征（MERS）和SARS。

• 目前認(rèn)為，武漢冠狀病毒相較SARS和MERS更為溫和，潛伏時(shí)間更長。到目前為止，患者通常在一周內(nèi)出現(xiàn)輕微咳嗽，隨后出現(xiàn)呼吸急促癥狀。目前，大約15%到20%的病例病情出現(xiàn)惡化情況，需要入院并接受呼吸機(jī)治療。

3. 傳播途徑

How it spreads

Viruses can spread from human contact(接觸) with animals.

When it comes to human-to-human transmission(傳播，名詞) of the viruses, often it happens when someone comes into contact with an infected person's secretions (分泌物), such as droplets(小水滴，飛沫) in a cough.

Depending on how virulent the virus is, a cough, sneeze or handshake could cause exposure(暴露，接觸). The virus can also be transmitted by touching something an infected person has touched and then touching your mouth, nose or eyes.

• 病毒可通過人類與動物的接觸傳播。

• 病毒在人與人之間傳播時(shí)，通常發(fā)生在接觸到感染者的分泌物時(shí)，例如咳嗽時(shí)的飛沫。

• 根據(jù)病毒的毒力，咳嗽、打噴嚏或握手都可能導(dǎo)致暴露。這種病毒也可以通過觸摸被感染者觸摸過的東西，然后觸摸嘴、鼻子或眼睛來傳播。

4. 感染人群

Who is affected?

MERS, SARS and the Wuhan coronavirus appear to cause more severe disease in older people, though uncertainty remains around the latest outbreak (爆發(fā)). Of the cases of Wuhan coronavirus reported so far, none are yet confirmed to be among children. The average age is people 40 or over.

• 盡管最近的武漢冠狀病毒疫情仍不確定，但MERS、SARS和武漢冠狀病毒似乎在老年人中會引起更嚴(yán)重的癥狀。在迄今報(bào)道的武漢冠狀病毒病例中，尚未證實(shí)有兒童感染。感染者平均年齡在40歲以上。

5. 冠狀病毒感染的治療

Coronavirus treatment

There is no specific treatment, but research is underway. Most of the time, symptoms will go away on their own(自行消失) and experts advise seeking care early. If symptoms feel worse than a standard cold, see your doctor.

Doctors can relieve(緩解) symptoms by prescribing (開處方) a pain or fever medication.

• 目前還沒有具體的治療方法，但研究仍在進(jìn)行中。多數(shù)情況下癥狀會自行消失，但專家建議盡早尋求治療。如果癥狀比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)感冒更嚴(yán)重，請看醫(yī)生。

• 醫(yī)生可以通過開止痛藥或退燒藥來緩解癥狀。

6. 武漢新型冠狀病毒嚴(yán)重程度

Should you worry about the Wuhan coronavirus？

The Wuhan coronavirus fatality rate(致死率) is lower than for SARS and MERS, but still comparable(相當(dāng)) to the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic(大流行病). The fatality rate is likely to be lower due to an "iceberg" of milder cases we are yet to find.

• 武漢冠狀病毒死亡率低于SARS和MERS，但仍與1918年西班牙流感大流行相當(dāng)。真實(shí)的病死率可能會更低，因?yàn)榭赡苡写罅枯^輕病例尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)。